The Anti-Defamation League’s A WORLD OF DIFFERENCE® Institute works with schools and communities around the country to build safe, inclusive and respectful learning environments for students of all ages. ADL developed its education program on the notion that in order to develop academic knowledge and skills, students need to be …

There are more than 14,000 School Resource Officers (SROs) serving in elementary, middle and high schools across the United States.  As sworn law enforcement officers, they serve as a security presence on school grounds, but also as educators, informal counselors, and role models to the students they work hard to …

Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Parents help their kids form healthy relationships that last a lifetime.  Kids whose parents monitor their behavior and have consistent rules are more likely to have healthy and close relationships with their peers, …

In the post below, Carolyn Duff, president of the National Association of School Nurses reflects upon the unique role school-located health professionals play in bullying prevention. Sue and Peggy work within miles of each other at W.B. Simpson Elementary School and Polytech High School, just outside of Dover, Delaware. As …

Alongside communities across the country, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) is promoting Bullying Prevention Awareness Month. This important observance is held every October. In 2004, HRSA launched the first Federal anti-bullying campaign to raise awareness about this very serious issue. Ten years later the extent and impact of bullying, …

In the post below, Tom Cochran and Lee Hirsch discuss their new joint initiative to spark action on bullying prevention nationwide. Lansing Mayor Virg Bernero (Left), Lansing School District (LSD) Public Safety Director Cordelia Black (Middle), LSD Superintendent Yvonne Caamal Canul (Right), along with LSD Student Services Director Susan Land …

Every October, communities around the country participate in National Bullying Prevention Awareness Month. This year, a new resource from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the National Research Council (NRC) is available to support awareness month activities.  Building Capacity to Reduce Bullying is a new report summarizing a two-day workshop …

Mary Pat King is the Director of Programs and Partnerships at the National Parent Teacher Association (PTA). In this role, Mary Pat has helped develop new strategies for engaging parents and students as leaders in efforts to improve school climate, and as a result, prevent bullying in communities nationwide. The …

Natasha Herring, a manager with D.C. Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR), recently got involved with StopBullying.gov when she identified a unique need to address bullying in her local parks and facilities. The post below reflects her story on how D.C. Parks and Recreation is taking action to prevent bullying. …

The United National Indian Tribal Youth (UNITY) organization was an early partner in federal efforts to stop bullying. For the past 37 years, our goal has been to foster the spiritual, mental, physical, and social development of American Indian and Alaska Native youth and to help build a strong, unified, …

Understanding what excites and concerns youth is one of the critical ingredients to Cartoon Network’s success. That’s why we knew we had to act when we learned that nearly 85 percent of our youth audience was concerned about bullying and needed information on how to prevent it. When we first …

In my 27 years as a school psychologist, I have seen an increase in how many students and families are concerned about bullying. I have witnessed first-hand the damage it can cause –not only to the children being bullied, but also to those who witness bullying, and even to kids who bully.  Thankfully, …

The conversations we’ve had with community members across the country have taught us that training tools are among the most sought-after resources for promoting bullying prevention research and best practices. Guided by feedback from community members, the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) created the resources that would empower even …

The Federal Partners in Bullying Prevention, a group of representatives from across the federal government came up with a great way of having youth and adults partner to hold a dynamic bullying prevention initiative. We organized this national youth engagement effort to combat bullying and create a culture of kindness …

This month, groups across the country committed to stop bullying will release new resources, campaigns, and efforts aimed at bringing awareness to this important issue facing our youth.  This month serves as a reminder that bullying prevention must be addressed, and one way to accomplish this is through educating ourselves, …

Bullying prevention is a community endeavor. The more resources a community can use to address the problem, the better the chances of having a real impact. Most communities focus their bullying reduction efforts on addressing the problem in their schools. G.R.E.A.T. (Gang Resistance Education And Training) is an evidence-based gang …

Bullying stops teens from being who they want to be, prevents them from expressing themselves freely, and might even make them feel unsafe. Bullying can happen anywhere, both in person and online. In this age of constant connectivity, and understanding the value teens place on their social networks, it’s only …

Bullying among young children is not uncommon. When young children–who often differ in physical size, skill level, and family experience–get together, patterns of hurtful behavior often emerge. Children may be mean to each other by making mean faces, saying threatening things, grabbing objects, pushing others aside, or refusing to play …

Parents, school staff, and other adults in the community can help kids prevent bullying by talking about it, building a safe school environment, and creating a community-wide bullying prevention strategy. Research tells us that children really do look to parents and caregivers for advice and help on tough decisions. Sometimes …

Bullying takes many forms. It happens in many contexts. Because bullying is complex, there is no one-size-fits-all solution for it. “Student Problem Identification and Resolution of Issues Together” (SPIRIT ) is a service program that CRS delivers to schools across the nation. The program helps schools prevent bullying by focusing …

There are many warning signs that may indicate that someone is either being bullied or bullying others. Recognizing the warning signs is an important first step in taking action against bullying. Not all children who are bullied or are bullying others ask for help.. Deborah Temkin is the bullying prevention …

October is National Bullying Prevention Month, and it’s important to remember that bullying can threaten students’ physical and emotional safety at school, and can adversely impact their ability to learn. The best way to address bullying is to stop it before it starts. On October 24th, the Federal Partners in …

This month, groups across the country committed to stop bullying will release new resources, campaigns, and efforts aimed at bringing awareness to this important issue facing our youth. Bullying Prevention Month is not new. In fact, it has been around for several years. What started as an awareness week initiated …

When federal leaders began a major effort to raise awareness about bullying prevention, it seemed that for every parent, teacher and community advocate who supported our mission, there was another to insist that bullying was either a normal part of growing up or “kids just being kids.” Eleven years later, …

Across the country, local leaders are stepping up to address bullying in their communities. Now that more and more people are taking a stand, many have asked for resources to help them become more effective. In response, StopBullying.gov pulled together research-based recommendations to provide some guidance. We know that every …

Image Bullying comes up regularly in my conversations as a mother of a middle schooler.  In my family, we—like most people—are raising our son to be kind, respectful, and empathetic to everyone.  It takes work and sometimes we’re not so sure these values and messages are sinking in.  I have …

Image Schools across the country are gearing up for a few weeks off for winter break. This can be a great time to check in with your child and talk to them about their experiences with bullying and cyberbullying. You may have stories to share with them about how you …

Mrs. Sarah Kanter has been the school counselor at Bells Mill Elementary School in Potomac, Maryland for 11 years and she has made it her mission to cut bullying off at the pass….before it starts.  Mrs. Kanter developed her own framework that introduces and reinforces bullying prevention at crucial ages. …

On Friday, Aug. 12, 2016, the Federal Partners in Bullying Prevention hosted the fifth Federal Bullying Prevention Summit at the U.S. Department of Education. Conducted every two years, this year’s theme was “Keeping Kids Safe: Promoting Tolerance and Inclusion Among Students to Prevent Bullying.” Senior officials from the U.S. Departments …

In a small town like Bayfield, Colorado, no one thinks anything bad happens; especially not bullying. People think, “How can bullying be a problem here?” It is a problem – a big one. Bullying happens everywhere – whether in a small town or big city. I started a bullying prevention …

At age two, Thomas Ledbetter was diagnosed with Autism and was not expected to be able to speak. However, thanks to a great support system and an incredible amount of work on his part, he managed to overcome many of the obstacles in his life. Thomas experienced bullying throughout elementary and …

“Bullying is preventable… Having just one friend makes it less likely that a child will be bullied.” This was one of the key findings presented in Building Capacity to Reduce Bullying, a new report from the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council. The report summarized a two-day workshop …

The You Have The Power! Bullying Prevention Peer Education Project (YHTP!) is a 10-week after-school program where trained high school age youth mentors, with adult supervision, teach elementary and middle school students about the characteristics, risks, and consequences of bullying, and bullying prevention. Often when people hear the phrase “peer …

The You Have The Power! Bullying Prevention Peer Education Project (YHTP!) is a 10-week after-school program where trained high school age youth mentors, with adult supervision, teach elementary and middle school students about the characteristics, risks, and consequences of bullying, and bullying prevention. For a number of reasons, people can …

An image can be more impactful than hundreds of words – especially when it is used to raise awareness of an important issue. Tifara Brown and her peers used photography to deliver a message about bullying prevention. Classmates bullied Tifara from elementary school until high school. Tifara is an African-American …

Ben Powell has been performing for others since the age of 3. Now at 19 years old, he enjoys acting, singing, and playing the guitar and trombone. As a high school student, Ben used his talents to impact his community. Specifically, Ben and his peers created a theatrical production to …

Tyler Pascavis wants us to talk about bullying. Tyler, 18, is a native of Illinois, a lifetime member of the 4-H, and an anti-bullying advocate who believes that the only way we can put a stop to bullying is to bring it out in the open. At the school Tyler …

Hello, I am Anna Holcombe, a “4-Her” from Canon, Ga. I am 15 years old. 4-H is one of the largest youth development programs in the world and it is committed to educating youth on all aspects of bullying. One day at my county 4-H, I was assigned to make …

During the 4-H Conference, one working group brainstormed ideas on how to better reach teens through social media.[/caption] The National 4-H Conference is the premier 4-H civic engagement experience for youth across the country. The conference provides an opportunity for 4-H members to increase knowledge, resources, and skills that will empower …

Nikki Allinson is a great example of how some students who have been bullied can turn their experience into a passion for helping others. Nikki, currently 23 years old, experienced bullying in middle school and is now an advocate and leader for the Anti-Defamation League (ADL), a non-profit organization working …

At just 14 years old, Georgia teen Allison Waters Albert has become an ambassador for anti-bullying within her community. Earning respect and admiration from peers for her willingness to share her own story, Allison has inspired several teens across her school district to take a stand against bullying. Through extensive …

Scott Hannah, 17, and Tyler Gregory, 18, know all too well the impact that bullying can have. As a result, they are both taking a stand against bullying in their community. Originally intending to simply raise awareness about bullying at their local South Charleston high school in Ohio, Scott and …

What would happen if students took it upon themselves to improve their schools and communities? That’s the question that Brandon Greene, currently a rising sophomore at Burrillville High School in Rhode Island, asked himself a few years ago. As part of a 6th grade school project, Greene created a small …

Image Schools across the country are gearing up for a few weeks off for winter break. This can be a great time to check in with your child and talk to them about their experiences with bullying and cyberbullying. You may have stories to share with them about how you …

  Findings and conclusions reported in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. As we have come to recognize bullying as a significant problem within our school systems, a number of programs have been …

Bullying is an unwanted aggressive behavior characterized by repetition (i.e., it is repeated or has a high likelihood of being repeated), and a power imbalance that is observed or perceived (i.e., youth bullying others have more physical and/or social power than bullied youth). The behavior is intentional and can result …

Don’t be a bystander when it comes to bullying. Be an Upstander! StopBullying.gov has new resources to help you safely upstand to bullying. For example, our new Bystander Fact Sheet details the different roles bystanders play in stopping or enabling the bullying behavior. We have also released the new Become …

February 26 – March 4, 2018 is Eating Disorders Awareness Week and an opportunity to talk about the connection between bullying and eating disorders. Weight-based teasing and bullying have been identified as common experiences for youth, particularly for those who may be heavier. Children whose peers tease them about their …

You might think that an NFL player wouldn’t know what it feels like to be bullied, but I do. When I was a kid, classmates sometimes would pick on me and make fun of the gap between my front teeth. What they didn’t know is that my gap is like …

Be Someone’s Hero About one in five teens reports being bullied, which is harmful, but preventable. This video will support a larger effort on the VetoViolence Facebook page during National Bullying Prevention Awareness Month in October 2017.

The impact of bullying behavior is not confined to geographic boundaries. Negative impacts and lessons learned can be found across the world, not just in the United States. To share the work being done outside the United States, StopBullying.gov is honored to highlight the work of Ditch the Label in …

The Yale Center for Emotional Intelligence in partnership with Born This Way Foundation (founded by Lady Gaga and her mother, Cynthia Germanotta) are launching a national campaign, the Emotion Revolution, to learn more about how high school students currently feel in school, how they hope to feel, and what is …

Did you know experts created media guidelines and recommendations to use when covering or reporting on the topic of bullying? Do you know why these exist? Do we really even need them? These are questions that some people may answer yes to, but the reality is that there are many that don’t know …

Watch the Workshop – The full webcast of the workshop and speaker presentation slides is available here. An individually authored workshop summary detailing the research, discussions and activities will be shared later in the year. On April 9-10, 2014, practitioners, researchers, students, educators, and community members came together at the …

“That kid is a bully.” We have all heard someone utter these words at one time or another, but is it fair to label a child? The labels bully, victim, and target are used often by media, researchers and others to refer to children who bully others and children who …

In Howard County, Maryland, we knew we needed to tackle bullying and cyber-harassment, after a few serious incidents focused our attention and raised awareness of these problems in our community. We examined current laws and discussed whether to push for new state legislation. We looked at how our public schools …

The issue of bullying is a growing concern in schools across the United States.  A lot of research attention has been given to the overlap between bullying and other forms of youth violence, including gang related, as well as behavioral health risks, such as substance use. Bullying can be a …

After a survey found that students didn’t feel safe in their Pueblo, Colorado community, the Safe Haven for Pueblo Bullying Victims Project stepped in to make a difference. The Safe Schools/Healthy Students group got help from more than 700 students to design posters denouncing bullying. They then reached out to …

In 2010, Attorney General Eric Holder launched the Defending Childhood initiative to address children’s exposure—as victims and as witnesses—to violence. He hopes to change our perceptions of violence and abuse, make the topic an issue on the national level, and address how abuse and violence affect children. He understands that …

Over the past three years, at our annual Federal Partners in Bullying Prevention Summits, we have heard the same call by educators-– teachers want to help stop bullying, but they don’t know how. Most try to help, but few receive training on how to do so. There are bullying prevention …

The Federal Partners in Bullying Prevention are looking for informative and entertaining videos that send a positive message to youth about the importance of being “more than a bystander” to bullying in their schools and communities. In August, U.S. Department of Education Secretary Arne Duncan, called on America’s youth to …

Throughout the bullying prevention world, the phrase, “I have the solution to bullying!” is all too common. As attention to bullying has grown, so have the number of products and tools claiming to reduce or eliminate bullying in schools and communities. But do they work? This question may seem simple, …

May 15-June 15 is Tourette Syndrome Awareness Month. This year’s theme is Everyone Can Play a Role! Learn the facts about tics and Tourette syndrome (TS), and how you can play a role to stop bullying of children with TS. Bullying doesn’t just happen to the smallest kid in the …

It was time for everyone in my 6th grade class to line up in the school gym for our annual weight/height measurements by the school nurse. My stomach was already churning, because, if past experiences taught me anything, I would need to brace for the bullying that would ensue after …

Bullying is defined as unwanted, aggressive behavior among school-aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Studies – PDF suggest that this type of peer victimization is a pervasive issue — 28% of children and …

In the past decade, headlines reporting the tragic stories of a young person’s suicide death linked in some way to bullying have become regrettably common. There is so much pain and suffering associated with each of these events, affecting individuals, families, communities and our society as a whole. There is …

Although bullying can occur among individuals of any weight, overweight and underweight children tend to be at higher risk for bullying. Targets of verbal bullying based on weight, sometimes referred to as  “weight teasing,” can experience a number of negative consequences, including a change in body perception. Weight teasing by …

Recent media publicity around suicides by youth who were bullied by their peers has led many to assume that bullying often leads directly to suicide. Although youth who are involved in bullying are more likely to have suicidal thoughts and attempt suicide than those who are not involved in bullying, …

Bullying can happen anywhere.  It can happen in person, online, or behind your back. But there are some groups that are at higher risk. Erin Reiney is the Director of Injury and Violence Prevention at the Health Resources and Service’s Administration (HRSA) Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB). She leads …

On the surface, bullying and youth substance use may seem like separate problems.  However, from research, we know that kids who use drugs or alcohol are at risk for other problem behaviors during their teen years. Recent findings confirm previous studies that found links between bullying and substance use. In …

Bullying can affect everyone—those who are bullied, those who bully, and those who witness bullying. Bullying is linked to many negative outcomes including impacts on mental health, substance use, and suicide. Although kids who are bullied are at risk of suicide, bullying alone is not the cause. Many issues contribute …

From a very early age, we pick up on important social cues that benefit us throughout school, and even into our working lives. These cues include standing at an appropriate distance, not touching the person in front of you, and even using the right volume when speaking. These basic skills …

Bullying can affect everyone—those who are bullied, those who bully, and those who witness bullying. Bullying is linked to many negative outcomes including impacts on mental health, substance use, and suicide. It’s important to talk to kids to determine whether bullying—or something else—is a concern. Kids who are bullied can …

Bullying can happen anywhere—cities, suburbs, or rural towns. Depending on the environment, some groups—such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgendered (LGBT) youth, youth with disabilities, and socially isolated youth—may be at an increased risk of being bullied. Ingrid Donato is at the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration and …

Image Veterans Day is a day to honor the service of all US veterans. It’s also a time to recognize the families of those veterans, including the millions of US children and youth with parents who serve. Research has shown that military-connected youth may be at an increased risk for …

Image 30th Anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) This month marks the 30th anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), which was signed into law on July 26, 1990. The ADA prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability and guarantees that people with disabilities have the same …

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According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, nearly 1 in 5 people aged 6 to 19 in the United States are obese. And being perceived as different—such as being overweight or underweight—is one of the most common reasons why kids get bullied. Many people living in higher-weight bodies …

Image Students with a behavioral, emotional, or developmental disability are at a greater risk for bullying – in fact, according to a study published in the American Academy of Pediatrics (2006), the rate is about twice as high as typical kids. In our state of Delaware, public school enrollment of …

An Interview with Sameera Ahmed, Ph.D., Director of The Family & Youth Institute In today’s environment, incidents of bullying against Muslim youth have risen, resulting in concern for schools and youth organizations. I spoke with Sameera Ahmed, Ph.D., Director of The Family & Youth Institute and a leading researcher on …

Media coverage of social issues has a profound impact on how communities understand and address problems. Research and expert opinion suggest that certain trends in media coverage of bullying have the potential to do harm. In fact, an analysis of media articles has shown that certain elements of bullying stories …

All children deserve a chance—a chance to be safe, to be educated and to be themselves. Too often, this chance is denied to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer, intersex, gender nonconforming (LGBTQI-GNC) and Two-Spirit* youth. Many of these youth are rejected by their families and bullied by their peers. The …

For the Navajo people, the concept of K’e, or kinship, is one of the most fundamental lessons taught to every child. This begins with the child learning their four inherited clans, which connects them to extended families within the tribal nation. The child is then taught what to call those …

We’re sorry, but there is no page in StopBullying.gov that matches your entry. Possible reasons: The page may have been moved, It no longer exists, or The address may have been typed incorrectly. Let us help you find the right page. Please visit the Stopbullying Homepage and try our search.

Every other year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administers the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) in high schools across the U.S. In the 2015 survey, two items were included to capture sexual orientation – self-reported sexual identity and the sex of sexual contacts. The results, found …

For many students in America, bullying is a daily reality that contributes to them feeling stressed, unsafe, and distracted from learning. Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) students, as well as Muslim, Arab, Sikh, and South Asian (MASSA) students, can be bullied based on their religion, appearance, immigration status, language …

Every day, kids of all ages experience bullying in schools across the country. In the Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) community, this problem is often compounded by cultural, religious, and linguistic barriers that can make it harder for AAPI youth to seek and receive help. Anecdotal evidence has shown …

By the time Landon – a high school student in Massachusetts – entered his freshman year, he had already been in and out of the hospital for multiple suicide attempts. He had been pulled out of school because he wasn’t able to get through the day, and he needed medication …

School continues to be a dangerous place for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth.   A 2014 study by the Gay, Lesbian & Straight Education Network (GLSEN) found that 65% of LGBT students heard homophobic remarks frequently or often, 56% of LGBT students reported personally experiencing LGBT-related discriminatory policies or …

Not since the days and months immediately after September 11 has the Muslim community faced the level of anti-Muslim bias and bullying that has been seen over the past several months. In the wake of Paris and other terrorist attacks, combined with the emergence of the Islamic State in Iraq …

Longer ago than I like to admit, I was a Puerto Rican middle school student. I remember witnessing fellow Hispanic or Latino kids endure name calling and rumor spreading nearly every day over many years. I also recall hearing about other kids being beaten up or getting physically hurt because of …

Bullying can take many forms: hitting or pushing (physical bullying), teasing or calling others bad names (verbal bullying).  And it also involves relational forms, such as manipulating peer relationships by spreading nasty rumors, threatening to terminate friendships or excluding someone from a social group.  Students who are bullied in any …

As a pediatric emergency medicine physician for more than 20 years, seeing sick and injured kids in and out of your emergency department can be difficult, but a part of the job. Knowing you can help them, and being able to make them feel better is why we do what …

As a Sikh American working to end school bullying in the post-9/11 environment, I believe the key to success is building partnerships with communities outside our own.  The Sikh Coalition was formed in response to the 9/11 attacks. As Sikhs mourned the loss of innocent lives that day, we encountered bigotry …

Hines Ward Youtube video Hines Ward, retired NFL wide receiver and former member of the President’s Advisory Commission on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, shares his story on bullying. More than one-quarter of students between the ages of 12 and 18 reported being bullied at school during the 2010-11 school …

The U.S. Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) investigates and resolves complaints of disability discrimination at public schools. OCR recently issued guidance to public schools (available in Spanish – PDF) to help school officials understand their federal responsibilities to respond to bullying of students with disabilities. This guidance builds …

The White House has declared June as LGBT Pride Month.  During this month many organizations are focused on raising awareness about issues, and will celebrate the progress made towards increasing equal rights for those who identify themselves with the LGBT community.  President Barack Obama has made efforts towards improving gay …

The mission of Outright Vermont is to build safe, healthy, and supportive environments for LGBTQQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and Questioning) youth, ages 13-22. Since 1989, Outright has worked to provide safety and support for LGBTQQ youth, helped make schools more inclusive, and focused on youth empowerment, leadership, and …

It is the rare adopted child who has not received questions and comments about adoption. They come from people who know them or from complete strangers: “Do you know anything about your ‘real’ parents?” “Why were you adopted?” “Do you want to find your ‘real’ parents?” or “How come you …

This blog is crossposted from WhiteHouse.gov Last weekend, the Human Rights Campaign, in partnership with the National Education Association and American Counseling Association, hosted the first-ever “Time to Thrive” conference in Las Vegas, Nevada. The conference brought together hundreds of educators, school administrators, coaches, social workers, mental health providers, and …

As Secretary Duncan has noted, the Department of Education is committed to making sure that all of our young people grow up free of fear, violence, and bullying. Bullying not only threatens a student’s physical and emotional safety at school, but fosters a climate of fear and disrespect, creating conditions …

Its summertime! School’s out and there is a good chance that your kids will be spending some time at summer camp.  Whether its sports camp, adventure camp, music camp, or any of the other amazing arrays of camps available to kids these days, most camps are equipped to understand and …

Most experts acknowledge that bullying is a serious problem that has negative consequences for both perpetrators and victims. However, we know very little about how bullying early in life affects future behaviors. Several years ago, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention began a partnership with researchers at the University …

Our recent Stop Bullying Video Challenge and our ongoing Ad Council “Be More than a Bystander” campaign are helping to promote the message that it is up to all of us to stand up against bullying, even if we are not personally involved. Newly published research in Children and Youth …

November is Native American Heritage Month. Across the country native communities are celebrating their heritage. I’d like to tell you about a project that I work with that is addressing the issue of bullying and is making a lasting impact on one community. The Southeast Alaska Regional Health Consortium Domestic …

Image May is Mental Health Awareness Month. Analyses of CDC’s 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey data shows that more than 1 in 3 high school students experienced persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness in the 12 months preceding the survey, a 40 percent increase since 2009. Bullying may be a …

Everyone reacts differently to stressful situations. The past several months have put unprecedented strains on many families and parents and children may not have access to familiar coping tools like sports, arts programs, hanging out with friends, or group activities. To help their children cope, parents can initiate open, age-appropriate …

Image Join the Twitter Chat on Mental Health and Bullying May 20 at 2 p.m. ET In honor of Mental Health Awareness Month, StopBullying.gov invites you to join the Twitter Chat on Mental Health and Bullying May 20 at 2 p.m. EST with our partners the American Public Health Association, …

Image Bullying may seriously affect the mental health and well being of children and youth. Parents, teachers, coaches, and other youth-serving adults are in positions where they are able to notice when there are signs of mental distress or bullying behavior. Research suggests that children and youth who are bullied …

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, nearly 1 in 5 people aged 6 to 19 in the United States are obese. And being perceived as different—such as being overweight or underweight—is one of the most common reasons why kids get bullied. Many people living in higher-weight bodies …

With constantly evolving and new technologies and apps, people are spending a lot of time online and on smartphones. Texting, apps, and social media have become a primary way to communicate. While we can now connect more quickly and easily, if messages are ill intended and hurtful, the virtual abuse …

In 2011, suicide continued to be the second leading cause of death for youth and young adults ages 10 to 24 years old according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS). That same year, over 20% of high school students participating …

Late one Tuesday night, I received a text from the mother of my son’s friend. She told me that we needed to talk NOW; would I call her? Two weeks earlier, my 15-year-old son had broken down in tears over the harassment he was receiving at school. What I did …

People may drink to socialize, celebrate, or relax. Alcohol often has a strong effect on people—and throughout history, people have struggled to understand and manage alcohol’s power. Why does alcohol cause people to act and feel differently? How much is too much? Why do some people become addicted while others …

Club drugs tend to be used by teenagers and young adults at bars, nightclubs, concerts, and parties. Club drugs include GHB, Rohypnol®, ketamine, MDMA (Ecstasy), methamphetamine, and LSD (acid). Learn about the health effects of club drugs on the Commonly Used Drugs Charts.

Cocaine is a powerfully addictive stimulant drug made from the leaves of the coca plant native to South America. Although health care providers can use it for valid medical purposes, such as local anesthesia for some surgeries, cocaine is an illegal drug. As a street drug, cocaine looks like a …

Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opioid analgesic that is similar to morphine but is 50 to 100 times more potent.  It is a Schedule II prescription drug, and it is typically used to treat patients with severe pain or to manage pain after surgery. It is also sometimes used to treat …

Hallucinogens are a diverse group of drugs that alter perception (awareness of surrounding objects and conditions), thoughts, and feelings. They cause hallucinations, or sensations and images that seem real though they are not. Hallucinogens can be found in some plants and mushrooms (or their extracts) or can be made by …

Heroin is an opioid drug made from morphine, a natural substance taken from the seed pod of the various opium poppy plants grown in Southeast and Southwest Asia, Mexico, and Colombia. Heroin can be a white or brown powder, or a black sticky substance known as black tar heroin. Learn …

Although other substances that are misused can be inhaled, the term inhalants refers to the various substances that people typically take only by inhaling. These substances include solvents (liquids that become gas at room temperature), aerosol sprays, gases, and nitrites (prescription medicines for chest pain). Learn about the health effects of inhalants and read the DrugFacts.

Kratom is a tropical tree (Mitragyna speciosa) native to Southeast Asia, with leaves that contain compounds that can have psychotropic (mind-altering) effects. Read the Drug Facts.

Marijuana refers to the dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the hemp plant, Cannabis sativa. The plant contains the mind-altering chemical delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and other related compounds. Extracts can also be made from the cannabis plant.

3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) is a synthetic drug that alters mood and perception (awareness of surrounding objects and conditions). It is chemically similar to both stimulants and hallucinogens, producing feelings of increased energy, pleasure, emotional warmth, and distorted sensory and time perception. Learn about the health effects of MDMA and read the DrugFacts. 

Methamphetamine is a stimulant drug usually used as a white, bitter-tasting powder or a pill. Crystal methamphetamine is a form of the drug that looks like glass fragments or shiny, bluish-white rocks. It is chemically similar to amphetamine (a drug used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] and narcolepsy, a sleep disorder). …

Opioids are a class of drugs that include the illegal drug heroin, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and pain relievers available legally by prescription, such as oxycodone (OxyContin®), hydrocodone (Vicodin®), codeine, morphine, and many others.  Learn about the health effects of prescription opioids and read the DrugFacts on Fentanyl, Heroin, and Prescription Opioids.

Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are those that can be sold directly to people without a prescription. OTC medicines treat a variety of illnesses and their symptoms, including pain, coughs and colds, diarrhea, constipation, acne, and others. Some OTC medicines have active ingredients with the potential for misuse at higher-than-recommended dosages. Learn …

When used as prescribed by a doctor, prescription medicines can be helpful in treating many illnesses. Stimulants are helpful in managing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Central nervous system (CNS) depressants treat anxiety, panic, and sleep disorders. Opioids are prescribed to treat pain, coughing, and diarrhea. But when these medicines …

Anabolic steroids are synthetic variations of the male sex hormone testosterone. The proper term for these compounds is anabolic-androgenic steroids. “Anabolic” refers to muscle building, and “androgenic” refers to increased male sex characteristics. Learn about the health effects of anabolic steroids and read the DrugFacts.

Synthetic cannabinoids are human-made mind-altering chemicals that are either sprayed on dried, shredded plant material so they can be smoked or sold as liquids to be vaporized and inhaled in e-cigarettes and other devices. These products are also known as herbal or liquid incense. Learn about the health effects of …

Synthetic cathinones, more commonly known as “bath salts,” are human-made stimulants chemically related to cathinone, a substance found in the khat plant. Khat is a shrub grown in East Africa and southern Arabia, where some people chew its leaves for their mild stimulant effects. Human-made versions of cathinone can be …

Tobacco and vaping devices contain nicotine, an ingredient that can lead to addiction, which is why so many people who smoke or vape find it difficult to quit. Both tobacco and vaping devices contain other harmful chemicals; burning tobacco can create these chemicals and vaping devices turn chemicals and flavorings into mist that combines …

About Addiction Science Many people don’t understand why or how other people become addicted to drugs. They may mistakenly think that those who use drugs lack moral principles or willpower and that they could stop their drug use simply by choosing to. In reality, drug addiction is a complex disease, …

About the Adolescent Brain Research has shown that brain development continues into a person’s 20s—a time that encompasses many important developmental and social changes in a young person’s life. Yet important questions remain about the factors that influence brain development and their impact on physical, cognitive, emotional, and academic trajectories. …

Image Washington University – University of Minnesota Human Connectome Project consortium (http://humanconnectome.org/). High-resolution, non-invasive imaging techniques produce detailed diagrams of neural tracts, enabling new analyses of how brain regions are connected.The human brain is the most complex organ in the body—you need it to drive a car, to enjoy a …

Why do some people become addicted while others don’t? Family studies that include identical twins, fraternal twins, adoptees, and siblings suggest that as much as half of a person’s risk of becoming addicted to nicotine, alcohol, or other drugs depends on his or her genetic makeup. Pinning down the biological …

The term “comorbidity” describes two or more disorders or illnesses occurring in the same person. They can occur at the same time or one after the other. Comorbidity also implies interactions between the illnesses that can worsen the course of both. Read the DrugFacts

Use of illicit drugs or misuse of prescription drugs can make driving a car unsafe—just like driving after drinking alcohol. Drugged driving puts the driver, passengers, and others who share the road at risk. Read the DrugFacts

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. It can be caused by a variety of toxins (such as drugs or alcohol), autoimmune conditions, or pathogens (including viruses, bacteria, or parasites).1 Viral hepatitis is caused by a family of viruses labeled A, B, C, D, and E. To learn more about the …

Drug use increases risk for getting or passing on viral infections because certain viruses can spread through blood or body fluids shared in drug use and related activity. This happens with men and women, primarily in two ways: (1) when people inject drugs and share needles or other drug equipment, …

Many people who are addicted to drugs are also diagnosed with other mental disorders, including anxiety and depression. Some people develop mental health problems related to their compulsive drug use, and some people take drugs in an attempt to alleviate symptoms of mental health disorders. Whatever symptoms appear first, it …

Chronic pain affects an estimated 100 million Americans, or one third of the U.S. population, and it is the primary reason Americans are on disability. The increase in the prescribing of opioid pain relievers in recent decades has contributed to an increase in addiction to opioids and overdose deaths. NIDA …

Syringe services programs (SSPs) are community-based prevention programs that can provide a range of services, including access to and disposal of sterile syringes and injection equipment, vaccination, testing, and linkage to infectious disease care and substance use treatment. 

Get the inside information on how different drugs can affect the brain and the body and what you can do to get involved. For more resources, see the NIDA for Teens website.

Image Photo by © Shutterstock/Petrenko Andriy About College-Age & Young Adults This section features the most recent Monitoring the Future (MTF) national survey results on substance use in college-age adults ages 19 to 22, including patterns of marijuana and alcohol use, nicotine use, and nonmedical use of prescription drugs. It also covers …

About Criminal Justice More than half1 of people in prison have an untreated substance use disorder, and illicit drug and medication use may increase2 following a period of imprisonment. When it involves an untreated opioid use disorder, relapse to drug use can be fatal due to loss of opioid tolerance that …

NIDA supports global research to find evidence-based solutions to the public health problems of drug use, addiction, and drug-related HIV/AIDS. We recognize that addiction knows no borders and that no country can solve the problem by acting alone. Through our International Program, NIDA fosters international cooperative research and the exchange of …

People who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (LGBTQ) often face social stigma, discrimination, and other challenges not encountered by people who identify as heterosexual. They also face a greater risk of harassment and violence. As a result of these and other stressors, sexual minorities are at increased risk …

Active-duty and retired members of the armed forces can also face substance use problems. More than one in 10 Veterans who seek care at the U.S. Veteran’s Administration meet the criteria to be diagnosed with a substance use disorder—slightly higher than the rate among the general population.1 The stress of …

Substance use disorder (SUD) is a growing issue in adults aged 65 and older in the United States. Older adults are more likely to take prescription medications and experience chronic health problems associated with aging, including chronic pain. These factors, as well as stressors such as grief and loss of …

Find the latest science-based information about the health effects and consequences of drug use and addiction and resources for talking with kids about the impact of drug use on health.

Find information for people struggling with drug use, as well as resources for their families and friends.

Women and men may face unique issues when it comes to substance use, as a result of both sex and gender. Sex differences result from biology, or being genetically female or male, while gender differences are based on culturally defined roles for men and women, as well as those who …

  NIDA’s prevention research program focuses on risks for drug use and other problem behaviors that occur throughout a child’s development, from pregnancy through young adulthood. Research funded by NIDA and other federal research organizations – such as the National Institute of Mental Health and the Centers for Disease Control …

About Recovery Recovery is a process of change through which people improve their health and wellness, live self-directed lives, and strive to reach their full potential. Even people with severe and chronic substance use disorders can, with help, overcome their illness and regain health and social function. This is called …

About Treatment There are many options that have been successful in treating drug addiction, including behavioral counseling; medication; medical devices and applications used to treat withdrawal symptoms or deliver skills training; evaluation and treatment for co-occurring mental health issues such as depression and anxiety; and long-term follow-up to prevent relapse. A range of care …

NIDA uses multiple sources to monitor the prevalence and trends regarding drug use in the United States. The resources on this webpage cover a variety of drug-related issues, including information on drug use, emergency room data, prevention and treatment programs, and other research findings.

Drug use and its resulting health effects can change as new trends and drug formulations emerge and become more widely used. NIDA’s National Drug Early Warning System (NDEWS) reports on emerging trends and patterns in many metropolitan areas and states. A selection of additional emerging trends with potential broad implications …

Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, lasting problems. In order to be considered bullying, …

There are many roles that kids can play. Kids can bully others, they can be bullied, or they may witness bullying. When kids are involved in bullying, they often play more than one role. Sometimes kids may both be bullied and bully others or they may witness other kids being …

Children and teenagers who feel secure and supported by their family, school, and peers are less likely to bully. However, some youth do not have these types of support. Every individual is unique and there are many factors that can contribute to bullying behavior. A youth who bullies may experience …

No single factor puts a child at risk of being bullied or bullying others. Bullying can happen anywhere—cities, suburbs, or rural towns. Depending on the environment, some groups—such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or questioning (LGBTQ) youth, youth with disabilities, and socially isolated youth—may be at an increased risk of being bullied. Stigma can …

There are many warning signs that may indicate that someone is affected by bullying—either being bullied or bullying others. Recognizing the warning signs is an important first step in taking action against bullying. Not all children who are bullied or are bullying others ask for help. It is important to …

Bullying can affect everyone—those who are bullied, those who bully, and those who witness bullying. Bullying is linked to many negative outcomes including impacts on mental health, substance use, and suicide. It is important to talk to kids to determine whether bullying—or something else—is a concern. Kids Who are Bullied …

Bullying can have lasting impacts on everyone involved: the person being bullied; bystanders who witness the bullying; and the person who bullies others. In fact, bullying is considered an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE). ACEs are potentially traumatic events that can have negative, lasting effects on a person’s development, the way …

Schools and communities that respect diversity can help protect children against bullying behavior. However, when children perceived as different are not in supportive environments, they may be at a higher risk of being bullied. When working with kids from different groups, there are specific things you can do to prevent …

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or questioning (LGBTQ) youth and those perceived as LGBTQ are at an increased risk of being bullied. Results from the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey show that, nationwide, more U.S. high school students who self-identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) report having been bullied on …

According to the U.S. Department of Defense, in 2017 there were 1.6 million children and youth with parents who serve in the active duty military, National Guard, and Reserve forces. Military-connected children and youth face unique challenges that may impact their risk for bullying. For example, they can experience stressors …

Children with disabilities—such as physical, developmental, intellectual, emotional, and sensory disabilities—are at an increased risk of being bullied. Any number of factors— physical vulnerability, social skill challenges, or intolerant environments—may increase the risk. Research suggests that some children with disabilities may bully others as well. Kids with special health needs, …

There are many other types of aggressive behavior that don’t fit the definition of bullying. This does not mean that they are any less serious or require less attention than bullying. Rather, these behaviors require different prevention and response strategies. Early Childhood Peer Conflict Teen Dating Violence Hazing Gang Violence …

Cyberbullying is bullying that takes place over digital devices like cell phones, computers, and tablets. Cyberbullying can occur through SMS, Text, and apps, or online in social media, forums, or gaming where people can view, participate in, or share content. Cyberbullying includes sending, posting, or sharing negative, harmful, false, or …

It is important to understand how children are cyberbullied so it can be easily recognized and action can be taken. Some of the most common cyberbullying tactics include: Posting comments or rumors about someone online that are mean, hurtful, or embarrassing. Threatening to hurt someone or telling them to kill …

Be Aware of What Your Kids are Doing Online A child may be involved in cyberbullying in several ways. A child can be bullied, bully others, or witness bullying. Parents, teachers, and other adults may not be aware of all the digital media  and apps that a child is using. …

Digital media and apps allow children to communicate and express their creativity, connect with peers, and share their feelings. However, they can be an avenue through which cyberbullying occurs. There are many types of apps and sites available for free that give users the ability to search for people and …

Playing videogames is a popular activity, with 70 percent of youth under the age of 18 playing videogames. Some games are solitary or single-player games; others are multi-player. Multi-player games – whether they are played on a computer, game console, handheld system, smartphone, or tablet – allow users to play …

The digital world is constantly evolving with new social media platforms, apps, and devices, and children and teens are often the first to use them. Some negative things that may occur include cyberbullying, sexting, posting hateful messages or content, and participating in negative group conversations. If your child posts harmful …

Tips for Parents: Talk to Your Child about Appropriate Digital Behavior and Content Parents create trust with children by initiating open, honest discussions. These dialogues are an opportunity to communicate values and expectations about your family’s appropriate digital behavior, including viewing or sharing content, and apps they can and cannot use. …

Warning Signs a Child Is Being Cyberbullied or Is Cyberbullying A child may be involved in cyberbullying in several ways. A child can be bullied, bully others, or witness bullying. Parents, teachers, and other adults may not be aware of all the social media platforms and apps that a child …

When cyberbullying happens, it is important to document and report the behavior so it can be addressed. Steps to Take Immediately Don’t respond to and don’t forward cyberbullying messages. Keep evidence of cyberbullying. Record the dates, times, and descriptions of instances when cyberbullying has occurred. Save and print screenshots, emails, …

What is a “Hater?” “Hater” is a label used to refer to people who use negative and critical comments and behavior to bring another person down by making them look or feel bad. These hurtful and negative comments can be delivered in person, online, or in texts and apps. Often, …

Parents, school staff, and other caring adults have a role to play in preventing bullying. They can:  Help kids understand bullying. Talk about what bullying is and how to stand up to it safely. Tell kids bullying is unacceptable. Make sure kids know how to get help. Keep the lines …

Bullying can threaten students’ physical and emotional safety at school and can negatively impact their ability to learn. The best way to address bullying is to stop it before it starts. There are a number of things school staff can do to make schools safer and prevent bullying. Training school …

Assessments—such as surveys—can help schools determine the frequency and locations of bullying behavior. They can also gauge the effectiveness of current prevention and intervention efforts. Knowing what’s going on can help school staff select appropriate prevention and response strategies. Assessments involve asking school or community members—including students—about their experiences and …

School staff can do a great deal to prevent bullying and protect students, but they can’t do it alone. Parents and youth also have a role to play in preventing bullying at school. One mechanism for engaging parents and youth, a school safety committee, can bring the community together to …

School staff can help prevent bullying by establishing and enforcing school rules and policies that clearly describe how students are expected to treat each other. Consequences for violations of the rules should be clearly defined as well.  Types of Rules and Policies Integrating Rules and Policies into a School’s Culture …

A safe and supportive school climate can help prevent bullying. Safety starts in the classroom. Students should also feel and be safe everywhere on campus—in the cafeteria, in the library, in the rest rooms, on the bus, and on the playground. Everyone at school can work together to create a …

Bullying can be prevented, especially when the power of a community is brought together. Community-wide strategies can help identify and support children who are bullied, redirect the behavior of children who bully, and change the attitudes of adults and youth who tolerate bullying behaviors in peer groups, schools, and communities.  …

Extra-curricular activities are a great way to provide youth with opportunities. It lets children follow their interests and be involved in activities outside the classroom. Whether it’s sports, arts, cultural and faith-based groups or other programs, youth can learn new skills through hands-on practice, creative projects, and teamwork. They can …

 Stop Bullying on the Spot  When adults respond quickly and consistently to bullying behavior they send the message that it is not acceptable. Research shows this can stop bullying behavior over time. There are simple steps adults can take to stop bullying on the spot and keep kids safe. Do: …

Whether you’ve just stopped bullying on the spot or a child has reached out to you for help, follow the steps below to determine the best way to proceed. Get the Facts Keep all the involved children separate.  Get the story from several sources, both adults and kids. Listen without …

All kids involved in bullying—whether they are bullied, bully others, or see bullying—can be affected. It is important to support all kids involved to make sure the bullying doesn’t continue and effects can be minimized. Support Kids Who are Bullied Address Bullying Behavior Support Bystanders Who Witness Bullying Support Kids …

Someone who witnesses bullying, either in person or online, is a bystander. Friends, students, peers, teachers, school staff, parents, coaches, and other youth-serving adults can be bystanders. With cyberbullying, even strangers can be bystanders. Youth involved in bullying play many different roles. Witnessing bullying is upsetting and affects the bystander, …

Resilience is the ability to overcome serious hardship and adapt well when faced with adverse experiences. Beyond being a personal characteristic or trait (i.e., “She is resilient.”), resilience also refers to the process of overcoming threats, difficulties, and traumas. Being resilient is an outcome of that process. Children and youth who experience adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) …

If you or someone you know is being bullied, there are things you can do to keep yourself and others safe from bullying. What Kids Can Do What Teens Can Do What Adults Can Do If you or someone you know is involved in cyberbullying, it is important to document and report …

This section pulls together fundamental information about bullying, including: Definition Research on Bullying Bullying Statistics Bullying and Suicide Anti-Bullying Laws Definition of Bullying In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Department of Education released the first federal definition of bullying. The definition includes three core elements: unwanted aggressive behavior …

Media coverage of social issues has a profound impact on how communities understand and address problems. Research and expert opinion suggest that certain trends in media coverage of bullying have the potential to do harm. This section offers help to journalists, bloggers, the entertainment creative community, and others who are …

State and local lawmakers have taken action to prevent bullying and protect children 1 . Each jurisdiction, including all 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S. territories (state), addresses bullying differently.  Some have established laws, policies, and regulations 2 . Others have developed model policies schools and local educational …

Getting Started The Bullying Prevention Training Module Presentation is a research-based resource that can help you lead bullying prevention efforts in your local community. Bullying Prevention Training Module – PowerPoint Bullying Prevention Training Module – PDF Organizing a Community Event The Community Action Toolkit includes materials to create a community …

Stopbullying.gov resources include Fact Sheets, Research Summaries, and Infographics that provide current research findings, evidence-based strategies, and data on bullying prevention. The resources can be utilized for bullying prevention by youth, parents, educators, youth-serving professionals, schools, health care providers, organizations, communities, and states.  The resources can be shared, downloaded, and …

Adults have a major role in helping to prevent bullying. Find out what you can do: Parents Educators Community Parents Parents play a key role in preventing and responding to bullying. If you know or suspect that your child is involved in bullying, there are several resources that may help. …

Bullying stops us from being who we want to be, and prevents us from expressing ourselves freely, and might even make us feel unsafe. If you are bullied, say something! If you are bullying, it’s not cool! I might be being bullied SPEAK UP: If you feel uncomfortable with the …

Are you being bullied? Do you see bullying at your school? There are things you can do to keep yourself and the kids you know safe from bullying. Treat Everyone with Respect What to Do If You’re Bullied Protect Yourself from Cyberbullying Stand Up for Others Get Involved Treat Everyone …

It’s a tough transition to go from being deployed to being back at home. It’s also tough to go from being a smoker to quitting for good. VA, Smokefree, and NCI are trusted sources for information about tobacco and how to quit smoking. Take advantage of these resources designed for …

Please distribute these materials among providers working in Primary Care, Mental Health, Dentistry, and Pharmacy, as well as other providers working in specialty clinics at VA Medical Centers and Outpatient Clinics. These materials may also be used by community providers who see Veteran patients from VA. The patient-focused materials can …

There are many types of medications you can use to help you quit smoking. VA offers veterans all FDA-approved quit smoking medications. If you don’t receive health care from VA, check your insurance plan to learn if quit smoking medications are covered. Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) NRT is the most …

Withdrawal Nicotine in tobacco is addictive. When you quit, the level of nicotine drops in your body. Because of addiction, your body wants more nicotine. Withdrawal is the way your body reacts to not having the nicotine it’s gotten used to. Withdrawal feels different for every smoker. Symptoms Intense cravings …

Family & Friends You might like to solve problems on your own, but everyone can use a little help from time to time. It doesn’t mean you’re weak. If you’re not sure how to ask, text a friend or send an email. You might say, “I want to quit smoking. …

Have you gone one day, one week, or one month without tobacco? How about longer? Here are some ways you can celebrate. Celebrate Your Health Smoking harms nearly every organ of the body. It can affect things from thinking clearly to working out. Now that you’ve quit, your body may …

“I don’t think I can live without cigarettes. What can I do?” It’s common for people to think they can’t function without smoking. And it’s also normal to be worried about or afraid of quitting. Many people view smoking as a central part of their lives—so quitting can seem overwhelming. …

What Is Smokeless Tobacco? Smokeless tobacco is tobacco that isn’t burned or inhaled by the user. It’s also known as chewing tobacco, chew, dipping tobacco, dip, oral tobacco, spit, spitting tobacco, and snuff. Most people chew or suck (dip) the tobacco in their mouth and spit out the tobacco juices …

Pick a Quit Date Every day is a good day to stop chewing tobacco or dipping. Try to pick a date within the next two weeks so you can prepare. A time with low stress works well for many people. Understand Nicotine Withdrawal After you quit, you may feel uncomfortable …

Addiction Nicotine is the main addictive substance in cigarettes and other forms of tobacco. Nicotine is a drug that affects many parts of your body, including your brain. Over time, your body and brain get used to having nicotine in them. About 80–90% of people who smoke regularly are addicted …

This quiz can help you identify your triggers for using tobacco. Knowing your triggers will help you plan for cravings you might have. At the end, you’ll get tips to help deal with them. Choose the answer that best describes how you use tobacco.

Do you want to be healthier? Save money? Keep your family safe? Reduce your stress and anxiety? All of those reasons? If you’re not sure, you can ask yourself these questions: What do I dislike about smoking? What do I miss out on when I smoke? How is smoking affecting …

Physical Health Overall Health and Life Span Smokers take more sick days. They also have higher health care costs. Insurers can charge tobacco users up to 50% more than people who don’t use tobacco. Smoking can cut at least 10 years off your expected lifespan. Smoking is the leading cause …

Physical Health Overall Health and Life Span When you quit smoking, your body will begin to heal. After just 20 minutes, your heart rate drops. Twelve hours after quitting, the carbon monoxide level in your blood drops to normal. When you quit smoking, you add years back to your expected …

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Dealing with PTSD is hard. But did you know that smoking actually makes PTSD symptoms worse? It also makes recovery harder. Think about the goals of your PTSD treatment. How does smoking keep you from reaching those goals? You can use the same skills to manage …

Smoking cigarettes is expensive. Use our calculator to find out how much of your money is going up in smoke. For reference, the average price of a pack of cigarettes is $6.28 in the United States.

You don’t have to quit alone. Our free text messaging programs offer 24/7 encouragement, advice, and tips to help you stay motivated and quit smoking for good. We offer a variety of programs so that you can explore your options and find the program that’s right for you.

Get 24/7 support on your smartphone with one of our Smokefree apps. These free apps offer personalized help based on your smoking patterns, moods, motivations, and goals. Tag locations and times of day that trigger cravings, keep track of changes in your mood, and receive tips and inspiration that fit …

Quitting smoking isn’t one size fits all, and it can be a different experience for women than it is for men. Learn about the unique challenges women face, the different ways to quit, and get tips on how to prepare for your quit day. Knowing what to expect can help …

There isn’t one right way to quit, but there are things you can do to increase your chances of staying smokefree. Preparation, nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), and prescription medications can all help you during your quit journey. Learn more about your options and how they can boost your chances of …

Quitting is a challenge. But, knowing what to expect and preparing for the challenges you might face can help you reach your goals. Get tips on beating cravings, managing your weight, and getting back on track after a slip to increase your chances of quitting for good.

Smoking during pregnancy is harmful to you and your baby. Quitting at any time during your pregnancy—especially in the early stages—is one of the best things you can do for your baby’s health. Get the facts about smoking and pregnancy and learn how to become, and stay, smokefree for you …

A smokefree home is good for you and your child. Learn about the harmful effects of secondhand smoke and get tips on how to manage the stresses of being a mom. Becoming and staying smokefree can help give your child a healthier and happier future.

Relationships are common reasons why people start or continue to smoke. Maybe you grew up around smokers and it seemed natural for you to smoke, too. Maybe your partner smokes and it’s a way that you spend time together. The important people in your life can also be a key …

Telling the people in your life about your choice to quit smoking and asking them for help can make a big difference. It’s likely that people will be supportive and positive when you tell them you are quitting smoking. But, you may come across others who don’t understand or who …

You also can connect with others and grow your support network through Smokefree’s social media resources: Facebook ─ SmokefreeUS and Smokefree Women Twitter ─ SmokefreeUS Instagram ─ SmokefreeUS Pinterest ─ SmokefreeUS  Give your social circle a boost by connecting with other people who share your interests. Think about the things …

Some smokers use cigarettes to deal with stress, anxiety, or depression, but tobacco can actually make these things worse. And when you quit, bad moods can be a symptom of withdrawal and powerful smoking triggers. Learn to cope with bad moods and stress without turning to smoking.

Concerns about gaining weight after quitting smoking can be powerful. Exercise can help you manage your weight, and get through cravings. A nutritious diet and portion control can help you keep your energy levels up without overeating. Learn more about how to be active, make healthy food choices, and maintain …

When you stop smoking, you may find yourself thinking a lot about smoking or feeling strong urges to smoke. But these uncomfortable feelings are temporary. And if you know your triggers, have strategies to fight cravings and stick to your plan, you can succeed. Prepare for the tough moments with …

Free Tools to Help You Quit Text Message Programs Smokefree Teen has free text message programs that give you 24/7 tips, advice, and encouragement to help you become—and stay—tobacco free. These programs look just like a text conversation you’d have with a friend. Try SmokefreeTXT to quit smoking. Try DipfreeTXT to quit …

The quitSTART app helps you: Create your own Quit Kit with customized tips and materials. The more information you add about your smoking habits, the better the app can personalize content to fit your needs. Check your progress and earn badges for smokefree milestones and other achievements. Get back on …

What Is Nicotine? Nicotine is the chemical found in tobacco products that is responsible for addiction. When you use tobacco, nicotine is quickly absorbed into your body and goes directly to your brain. Nicotine activates areas of the brain that make you feel satisfied and happy. Whether you smoke, vape, …

The truth is, whether it’s smoked, dipped, or rolled, any form of tobacco is harmful. All tobacco products contain nicotine, which is addictive and can harm your developing brain. And all tobacco products have serious health consequences. Learn more about the risks of using tobacco products. Cigarettes Cigarettes typically consist …

 “I only smoke when I go out.” “I only smoke a little.” “Sometimes I go for days between cigarettes, so I’m not addicted.” “I just bum cigarettes from friends now and then.” Sound familiar? You may think your tobacco use is no big deal, but if you smoke—even just a …

Squash Stress Different things can make teens feel stressed out. Maybe it’s classes, activities, social situations, or not knowing your plans after high school or college. Maybe your job takes time away from school and sports. Or it’s pressure from parents, teachers, and coaches to do well. Using tobacco isn’t …

Cigarettes and Friends Most teens who smoke usually have friends who smoke. If you want to quit and your friends don’t, it could change some of your relationships. Being ready for those changes—some good, some bad—can help you when you stop using tobacco. Smoking doesn’t define you. Your friends enjoy …

When is your quit date?

Quitting vaping can be easier when you have a plan. Find out what steps you can take to get ready to quit vaping. Know Why You’re Quitting There are many good reasons to stop vaping. Do you want to feel healthier? Save money? Knowing why you want to quit vaping …

1. Do Not Vape On your quit day, the most important thing is that you don’t vape—not even one hit. Having a plan for how you will deal with triggers and urges to vape can make your quit day easier. Take it one day at a time. Focus on getting …

Tips for Cravings Try these ideas for managing your urges to vape. Some may work better than others, so find the ones that work for you. Do something else. When a craving hits, stop what you’re doing and do something different. Sometimes, just changing your routine helps you shake off …

Know Your Triggers When you first started vaping, it probably wasn’t a big part of your life. But over time, you’ve built up patterns and routines around vaping. When you quit vaping, it may seem like reminders of vaping are all around you. These reminders can make it hard to …

Nicotine Addiction Nicotine is in most vapes, including JUUL. Nicotine is very addictive. The more you vape, the more your brain and body get used to having nicotine, and the harder it is to go without it. When you go without vaping, the nicotine level in your bloodstream drops, which …

Stress and Anxiety Stress is a normal part of life—everyday worries, responsibilities, and hassles all contribute to your overall stress level. Too much stress can make you feel overwhelmed and affect your mood. If you automatically reach for your vape when you are stressed out try creating a personalized quit …

Sadness is a common emotion that can be triggered by ordinary life circumstances like disappointments, challenges, or loss. Everyone has down days and times when they feel sad. If feelings of sadness are extreme, last for a long time, or interfere with your daily activities and/or relationships, you may be …

Call a Smoking Quitline Quitlines are free, anonymous telephone counseling services. These programs have helped more than 3 million smokers. When you call a quitline, you talk to a trained counselor. Together, you can make a strategy for quitting, or you can ask for tips to help you stay on track. …

Why should you quit now? The cost of smoking adds up quickly. If you smoke a pack a day, you’re spending at least $45 per week. Check out our savings calculator to find out how much you could save if you quit today. These amounts are based on a 2018 national average …

Use these quizzes to find out how strong your nicotine addiction is or if you have signs of depression. Knowing this information can help you find the support and tools you need to quit successfully and take care of yourself.

There are so many great reasons to stop smoking. Think about the ways smoking affects you and your loved ones, and discover the benefits of quitting. Remind yourself of these reasons when you need some extra motivation.

Medications can make it easier to quit smoking by reducing cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Many former smokers find that using these medications for a couple of months helped them quit. But they are just one type of tool, not a magic bullet. Follow instructions carefully to get the most benefit. What medications and …

Reasons Preventing You From Quitting The reasons that prevent smokers from quitting are often similar. Are any of these worries standing in your way? Smoking relaxes me. Why are you tense to start with? Is it because you are low on nicotine? A lot of what you think is relaxation is …

What is withdrawal? Sometimes people who at first quit successfully will give in and smoke within a week or two—because of withdrawal and cravings that are too intense to resist. Remember, withdrawal and intense cravings to smoke will go away! To keep the upper hand, know what to expect and …

You Can Recover from a Slip If you do go back to smoking, you are not a failure. Don’t toss aside your attempt as worthless. Use it to try and succeed. Think of your quit attempt as a learning experience, and if you do slip, try again. Here are a few …

What is nicotine? Nicotine is an addictive, fast-acting drug found in cigarettes. It affects your heart rate, blood pressure, brain chemistry, and mood. When you stop smoking, you experience cravings because your body is used to having a certain amount of nicotine each day. Is nicotine really that addictive? Yes. …

If your loved one isn’t ready to quit, that’s okay. Your loved one needs to make his or her own decision about quitting. Share the information on the Not Yet Ready to Quit page with your loved one and let him or her know you will support them. If your loved …

Stay Positive Negative thinking can lower your confidence and get in your way. You should be on guard against four common situations where you are vulnerable to negative thinking. Dealing with a crisis. Smoking will not help you deal with a crisis or feel better. Cigarettes are not a solution to …

Weight Gain There are many reasons why people gain weight when they quit. Here are some of the reasons: Smoking lowers your appetite. Smoking increases your metabolism. Eating can be a substitute for smoking. Eating may soothe the feelings that smoking used to soothe. The good news is that you …

Health Benefits of Exercising No matter how old you are, regular physical activity can help you look younger and stay more fit than people who aren’t active. Regular exercise can also be good medicine in your fight to stay off cigarettes. You will sleep better, be less likely to gain …

Symptoms of Depression Common signs of depression include: An “empty” feeling, ongoing sadness, and anxiety Tiredness, lack of energy Loss of interest or pleasure in everyday activities Sleep problems, including trouble getting to sleep, very early morning waking, and sleeping too much Eating more or less than usual Crying too …

Talk to Your Friends and Family People who get support from family and friends have an easier time stopping smoking and staying smokefree. Sources of support for you could be: Your spouse or significant other Your children or grandchildren Other close family members Friends Co-workers Friends who are former smokers …

  James Why I Quit I got divorced about 15 years ago and started smoking. It felt good to go out to the bar and blow off steam. Soon I was up to a pack a day. My friend asked me if I would ever consider quitting. At first, I …

Ready to quit? Start planning your quit day and get support to stay smokefree. Resources like text messaging programs and one-on-one calls with a quit counselor can help you stay quit.

Quitting is hard. But you’re not in this alone. Making a quit plan and using medications can help you on your quit journey. Learn how to deal with withdrawal and cravings—and get tips and resources to help you quit for good.

Smokeless tobacco is addictive, and it’s tough to quit. Learn the facts about smokeless tobacco—like how it works, how it affects your health, and how much it costs. Ready to quit? Get tips to stay quit.

People use tobacco for different reasons. But one thing is the same—nicotine is addictive. Learn how smoking cigarettes affects you and those around you. And take a quiz to find out why you use tobacco.

People quit smoking for lots of reasons. What are yours? Check out common reasons people quit and use them to help you come up with your own reasons. When you know your reasons, you’ll be motivated to quit and stay quit. Learn how quitting will help improve your physical, mental, …

Quitting isn’t easy, but there are many resources available to help you become and stay smokefree. Learn about different quit smoking tools so you can decide which ones are right for you. Get 24/7 support with our apps and text messaging programs or connect with a counselor through a quitline …

Women face unique challenges when quitting smoking, but knowing what to expect, planning ahead, and exploring ways to get support will help you quit for good. You have so much to gain by being a smokefree woman.

Quitting smoking is one of the best things you can do for a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby. But that doesn’t make quitting easy. Whether before, during, or after baby, we have the tools and support to help you quit and stay quit.

Relationships are an important part of life, and they can play a role in quitting. Getting positive support from others can increase your chances of quitting for good. Even with a support system, there may be people in your life who don’t understand your choice to quit. You might also …

Quitting smoking can have powerful effects on your mental and physical health. It can also be a chance to make healthy changes in other parts of your life. Find out how exercise and good nutrition can boost your mood, increase your energy, and prevent weight gain while quitting. Get tips …

Your choice to use tobacco may prevent you from doing the things you want to do in the future. The sooner you quit, the better off you will be. Whether you are a light smoker, occasional smoker, social smoker, or frequent smoker, getting support can help you stay tobacco-free. Find …

Tobacco comes in many forms, and none of them are safe. Any amount of tobacco use can cause addiction and be harmful to your health. Understand the consequences of tobacco use and nicotine addiction, and learn why even smoking occasionally puts you at risk.

There are many reasons why teens smoke or use other types of tobacco. You may smoke to deal with stress, fit in, or because it seems like most people your age smoke. Understanding your reasons for using tobacco can help you identify your triggers and learn how to manage them …

Has coronavirus got you thinking that it might be time to stop vaping? Quitting can be tough, but you are tougher. Use our info and resources to quit vaping and stay vape-free.

There are ways to make quitting easier. Learn about different quitting resources and how to use them—like a tool to build your own quit plan or information on quit smoking medications. Try a smartphone app or text message program that provides on-demand 24/7 help. Keep trying different tools until you …

It’s never too late to quit. Before your quit day, think about why you want to quit and prepare for the challenges you might face, like withdrawal and cravings. And take some time to make a quit plan that will help you identify tips, strategies, and support resources to help …

Quitting can be easier when you’re taking care of your physical, mental, and emotional health. Get tips on starting an exercise routine, making healthier food choices, staying smokefree away from home, and recognizing the signs of depression.

Getting support is an important part of quitting. Talk or chat online with a trained quit smoking counselor to ask questions and get information to help you quit. Reach out to your friends and family about how they can support you during your quit.

When it comes to quitting smoking, there are ways to make it easier. Find out how to handle the temporary feelings of withdrawal and cravings. Learn about different quitting tools and how to use them—like apps and texting programs that provide on-demand 24/7 help. Plan ahead and get tips to …

Planning and support can help you quit for good. Before your quit day, take time to prepare for challenges. Make a plan for quitting. Know what to expect in the first days of being smokefree. Identify your reasons for quitting and plan how to ask for help if you need …

Many smokers struggle with withdrawal and cravings when they quit, but there are ways to deal with these temporary challenges. Learn more about cravings and slips, and get tips for coping with them. Even challenges like stress and weight gain can be managed if you are prepared.

Even after the strongest withdrawal symptoms are gone, staying smokefree can be hard. Slipping and having a cigarette may happen, but that doesn’t mean you have to start all over again. Get tips for dealing with slips and avoiding going back to smoking. Find out how exercise and healthy eating …

Quitting smoking is hard, but your support can be an important part of a loved one’s smoking cessation experience. Not sure how to help? Want tips for being a more effective part of your quitter’s support system? Understand what smokers go through when they quit and how you can be …

There isn’t one right way to quit, but certain things can be extra helpful. For example, medication can double your chances of quitting for good. Learn more about your options, including nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and prescription medications that can boost your chances of success during your quit journey.

Get 24/7 support with a Smokefree app for your smartphone. These free apps offer help just for you based on your smoking patterns, moods, motivation to quit, and quitting goals. Tag the locations and times of day when you need extra support. Available for iOS and Android phones.

Smokefree.gov offers free text messaging programs that give 24/7 encouragement, advice, and tips for becoming smokefree and being healthier. Find the program that meets your needs. You can sign up or opt-out at any time.

Looking for more information or assistance? Connect to a trained quit smoking counselor via online chat or telephone quitline. We also have more free online resources and post tobacco cessation research studies that are looking for participants like you!

Many smokers don’t know where to begin their quit journeys. There isn’t one right way to start, but getting prepared and knowing what to expect can make things easier. Learn how to prepare for your quit day.

There are so many great reasons to stop smoking. Understand the ways smoking affects you and your loved ones, and discover the benefits of quitting. Think about why you want to be smokefree and remind yourself of these reasons when you need some extra motivation.

Everyone’s smokefree journey is different. Smokefree is here to help no matter where you are on the path to quitting smoking—whether you’re just getting started, working toward staying smokefree, or giving quitting another try. Choose the part of the journey that fits your needs.

There are many types of tobacco products. Learn how e-cigarettes, menthol cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and other products are different. Find out why any product with nicotine can be addictive and bad for your health.

Nicotine withdrawal is challenging for most smokers. The good news is that the worst withdrawal symptoms usually last less than two weeks, but that time can be really tough. Know what to expect when going through nicotine withdrawal and get ideas for easing your symptoms.

Cravings are a normal part of quitting, but they can be hard to deal with. Even if you’ve been smokefree for a while, certain triggers may cause cravings to come back. Understand your cravings and the triggers that cause them, then you can make a plan to get past them.

Some people smoke to try to deal with stress. When they quit smoking, they may replace it with other unhealthy behaviors that do not address the source of stress and may even make stress worse. This can make quitting harder. Understand the connection between stress and smoking, and plan ahead to …

Some smokers don’t feel like themselves when they quit smoking. Cravings and nicotine withdrawal can affect your mood and make you feel sad, irritable, or anxious. Prepare yourself for mood changes. Learn smokefree ways to cope with bad moods and how to recognize when a bad mood may be a …

It’s common for smokers to have bigger appetites and slower metabolisms after quitting smoking. Sometimes this leads to overeating and weight gain—but it doesn’t have to. Understand what happens to your body after becoming nicotine-free and get tips for managing your weight after quitting.

Slipping and having a cigarette or even going back to smoking for a little while is not failing. It is a normal part of the quitting process. Get back on track and remember your goal to quit for good and your reasons for quitting. Understanding and preparing for the challenges …

Fear of gaining weight is a common reason people give for not quitting smoking. Learn healthy ways to avoid weight gain and shed unwanted pounds. These weight management strategies can help you feel better while quitting smoking and let you take control of your health for the rest of your …

After quitting, some people have an increased appetite or snack to keep their hands and mouth busy. Find out how a healthy diet can help you avoid weight gain and keep your energy levels up. Being smokefree means that foods will taste and smell better too! Eating healthy can also …

Physical activity can help you quit smoking. Exercise is a great way to distract yourself from cravings and it can help you deal with the symptoms of withdrawal. Being active even 10 minutes a day can help boost your energy and mood. Exercise can also help you reach health goals …

Quitting smoking can help most of the major parts of your body: from your brain to your DNA.

When you have a craving, it's important to have a plan to beat that urge to smoke.

Part of quitting is finding ways to cope without cigarettes. Try these better ways to deal with your emotions.

A lot of people slip and smoke a cigarette when trying to quit. Don't get discouraged, you can get back on track.

Medications can help you handle withdrawal and cravings, and double your chances of quitting for good.

It can be easy to lose sight of the benefits of quitting. Remind yourself of the rewards for staying on track.

Medications can double your chances of quitting for good. Learn about the different options available.

Knowing why you want to quit smoking can keep you motivated to stay smokefree. What are you reasons for being smokefree?

See how tobacco can affect your health if you have PTSD, HIV, depression, or substance use disorders.

Women can have unique challenges when it comes to quitting. Knowing what these challenges are can help you handle them and reach your goal.

Fear of gaining weight keeps some women from quitting. Make quitting your priority and learn healthy ways to manage your weight.

Women who smoke usually feel that being a smoker is an important part of their identity. Starting to think about your future as a smokefree woman is key to your success.

Becoming smokefree before or during pregnancy is important for your baby’s health. It’s also important for your health.

From the moment women quit smoking, their bodies start to heal. You’ll have both physical and emotional benefits when you become smokefree.

Quitting can be tough, even if you don’t smoke every day. Make a plan for quitting and learn how you can prepare for tough moments.

Teens who use tools to help them quit increase their chances of successfully quitting. Learn more about the free quitSTART app and text programs, and get tips to help you quit for good.

Tobacco and nicotine are found in more than just cigarettes. Learn more about different tobacco products and why there is no such thing as safe tobacco.

Being a teen can be stressful. Tobacco use is not a healthy way to help you deal with stress and bad moods. Learn how to manage stress in a healthy way.

Friends and social activities are a huge part of a teen’s social life and can have an impact on decisions teens make, like using tobacco. Learn how you can quit smoking and still be social.

What will you gain by quitting? Whether it’s feeling healthier or taking back control, there are many great reasons to quit.

Understand why cigarettes and other tobacco products are addictive and harmful to your health.

Understand what nicotine withdrawal feels like and get ideas for easing symptoms.

Some situations make staying smokefree hard. Use these tips to stay on track no matter what happens.

Use the experiences, tips, and advice from former smokers to help you build your quit plan.